The Latin:
Sed semetípsum exinanívit, formam servi accípiens, in similitúdinem hóminum factus, et hábitu invéntus ut homo. Humiliávit semetípsum factus obédiens usque ad mortem, mortem autem crucis. Propter quod et Deus exaltávit illum, et donávit illi nomen, quod est super omne nomen : ut in nómine Jesu omne genu flectátur cæléstium, terréstrium et infernórum, et omnis lingua confiteátur, quia Dóminus Jesus Christus in glória est Dei Patris. |
The English:
But emptied himself, taking the form of a servant, being made in the likeness of men, and in habit found as a man. He humbled himself, becoming obedient unto death, even to the death of the cross. For which cause God also hath exalted him, and hath given him a name which is above all names: That in the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of those that are in heaven, on earth, and under the earth: And that every tongue should confess that the Lord Jesus Christ is in the glory of God the Father. |
In honour of the Holy Name. More to come later.
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The Latin:
Sed tunc quidem ignorantes Deum, iis, qui natura non sunt dii, serviebatis. Nunc autem cum cognoveritis Deum, immo cogniti sitis a Deo: quomodo convertimini iterum ad infirma et egena elementa, quibus denuo servire vultis? Dies observatis, et menses, et tempora, et annos. |
The English:
But then indeed, not knowing God, you served them, who, by nature, are not gods. But now, after that you have known God, or rather are known by God: how turn you again to the weak and needy elements, which you desire to serve again? You observe days, and months, and times, and years. |
The Greek:
αλλα τοτε μεν ουκ ειδοτες θεον εδουλευσατε τοις μη φυσει ουσιν θεοις. νυν δε γνοντες θεον μαλλον δε γνωσθεντες υπο θεου πως επιστρεφετε παλιν επι τα ασθενη και πτωχα στοιχεια οις παλιν ανωθεν δουλευειν θελετε; ημερας παρατηρεισθε και μηνας και καιρους και ενιαυτους. |
NJBC 47:26 (1968): The pagans were enslaved to idols, as the Jews were to the Law. Being ‘known by God’ is the complement of the Corinthians knowledge of God, an OT idea (Jer 1:5, Ps 139). The days, months and years would be material practices Paul doesn’t think need be observed by a Christian. End NJBC. This does not refer to sin; we’ll get back there shortly. |
| The Latin: Dominum autem Christum sanctificate in cordibus vestris parati semper ad satisfactionem omni poscenti vos rationem de ea quae in vobis est spe. |
The English: But sanctify the Lord Christ in your hearts, being ready always to satisfy every one that asketh you a reason of that hope which is in you. |
| The Greek: Κύριον δὲ τὸν Θεὸν ἁγιάσατε ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν, ἕτοιμοι δὲ ἀεὶ πρὸς ἀπολογίαν παντὶ τῷ αἰτοῦντι ὑμᾶς λόγον περὶ τῆς ἐν ὑμῖν ἐλπίδος μετὰ πρᾳότητος καὶ φόβου. |
The Pope releases his new encyclical. Here, logos (word) represents meaning and reason. Hope is treated as equal to faith in the context of the exhortation. The quotations are from the e-Sword project. |
The Latin:
Aperire oculos eorum, ut convertantur a tenebris ad lucem et de potestate Satanae ad Deum, ut accipiant remissionem peccatorum et sortem inter sanctos, per fidem quae est in me.
The English:
To open their eyes, that they may be converted from darkness to light and from the power of Satan to God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins and a lot among the saints, by the faith that is in me.
The Greek:
ἀνοῖξαι ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτῶν, τοῦ ἐπιστρέψαι ἀπὸ σκότους εἰς φῶς καὶ τῆς ἐξουσίας τοῦ Σατανᾶ ἐπὶ τὸν Θεόν, τοῦ λαβεῖν αὐτοὺς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν καὶ κλῆρον ἐν τοῖς ἡγιασμένοις πίστει τῇ εἰς ἐμέ.
[The New Jerome Biblical Commentary links the first phrase to Deutero-Isaias 42:16, where God prepares to lead the blind of heart. The forgiveness of sins and a lot among the saints through faith also reminds me of the theology of baptism, as NJBC also mentions in connection with 'darkness to light'.]
The Latin:
Omnis iníquitas, peccátum est : et est peccátum ad mortem. Scimus quia omnis qui natus est ex Deo, non peccat : sed generátio Dei consérvat eum, et malígnus non tangit eum. Scimus quóniam ex Deo sumus : et mundus totus in malígno pósitus est. Et scimus quóniam Fílius Dei venit, et dedit nobis sensum ut cognoscámus verum Deum, et simus in vero Fílio eíus. Hic est verus Deus, et vita ætérna.
The English:
All iniquity is sin. And there is a sin unto death. We know that whosoever is born of God, sinneth not: but the generation of God preserveth him, and the wicked one toucheth him not. We know that we are of God, and the whole world is seated in wickedness. And we know that the Son of God is come: and he hath given us understanding that we may know the true God, and may be in his true Son. This is the true God and life eternal.
The Latin:
Caríssimi, diligámus nos ínvicem : quia cáritas ex Deo est. Et omnis qui díligit, ex Deo natus est, et cognóscit Deum. Qui non díligit, non novit Deum : quóniam Deus cáritas est. In hoc appáruit cáritas Dei in nobis, quóniam Fílium suum unigénitum misit Deus in mundum, ut vivámus per eum. In hoc est cáritas : non quasi nos dilexérimus Deum, sed quóniam ipse prior diléxit nos, et misit Fílium suum propitiatiónem pro peccátis nostris.
The English:
Dearly beloved, let us love one another, for charity is of God. And every one that loveth, is born of God, and knoweth God. He that loveth not, knoweth not God: for God is charity. By this hath the charity of God appeared towards us, because God hath sent his only begotten Son into the world, that we may live by him. In this is charity: not as though we had loved God, but because he hath first loved us, and sent his Son to be a propitiation for our sins.
The Latin:
Cum Míchaël Archángelus cum diábolo dísputans altercarétur de Móysi córpore, non est ausus iudícium inférre blasphémiæ : sed dixit : Ímperet tibi Dóminus. Hi autem quæcúmque quidem ignórant, blasphémant : quæcúmque autem naturáliter, tamquam muta animália, norunt, in his corrumpúntur.
The English:
When Michael the archangel, disputing with the devil, contended about the body of Moses, he durst not bring against him the judgment of railing speech, but said: The Lord command thee. But these men blaspheme whatever things they know not: and what things soever they naturally know, like dumb beasts, in these they are corrupted.
The Latin:
Súfficit enim prætéritum tempus ad voluntátem géntium consummándam, his qui ambulavérunt in luxúriis, desidériis, vinoléntiis, comessatiónibus, potatiónibus, et illícitis idolórum cúltibus. In quo admirántur non concurréntibus vobis in eámdem luxúriæ confusiónem, blasphemántes.
The English:
For the time past is sufficient to have fulfilled the will of the Gentiles, for them who have walked in riotousness, lusts, excess of wine, revellings, banquetings, and unlawful worshipping of idols. Wherein they think it strange, that you run not with them into the same confusion of riotousness, speaking evil of you.
[Oh yes, two thousand years old is the criticism of the Catholic Church.]
The Latin:
Caríssimi, óbsecro vos tamquam ádvenas et peregrínos abstinére vos a carnálibus desidériis, quæ mílitant advérsus ánimam, conversatiónem vestram inter gentes habéntes bonam…Subiécti ígitur estóte omni humánæ creatúræ propter Deum: sive regi quasi præcellénti : sive dúcibus tamquam ab eo missis ad vindíctam malefactórum, laudem vero bonórum…Omnes honoráte: fraternitátem dilígite: Deum timéte: regem honorificáte.
The English:
Dearly beloved, I beseech you as strangers and pilgrims, to refrain yourselves from carnal desires which war against the soul, having your conversation good among the Gentiles…be ye subject therefore to every human creature for God’s sake: whether it be to the king as excelling; or to governors as sent by him for the punishment of evildoers, and for the praise of the good…Honour all men. Love the brotherhood. Fear God. Honour the king.
The Latin:
Óbsecro ígitur primum ómnium fíeri obsecratiónes, oratiónes, postulatiónes, gratiárum actiónes, pro ómnibus homínibus : pro régibus, et ómnibus qui in sublimitáte sunt, ut quiétam et tranquíllam vitam agámus in omni pietáte, et castitáte : hoc enim bonum est, et accéptum coram Salvatóre nostro Deo.
The English:
I desire therefore, first of all, that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made for all men: For kings, and for all that are in high station: that we may lead a quiet and a peaceable life in all piety and chastity. For this is good and acceptable in the sight of God our Saviour.
The Latin:
Vos enim in libertátem uocáti estis, fratres : tantum ne libertátem in occasiónem detis carnis, sed per caritátem Spíritus serúite inúicem. Omnis enim lex in uno sermóne implétur : Díliges próximum tuum sicut teípsum. Quod si inúicem mordétis, et coméditis : uidéte ne ab inúicem consumámini. Dico autem : Spíritu ambuláte, et desidéria carnis non perficiétis.
The English:
For you, brethren, have been called unto liberty: only make not liberty an occasion to the flesh, but by charity of the spirit serve one another. For all the law is fulfilled in one word: Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. But if you bite and devour one another; take heed you be not consumed one of another. I say then, walk in the spirit, and you shall not fulfil the lusts of the flesh.
The Latin:
Dei enim miníster est : uíndex in iram ei qui malum agit. Ídeo necessitáte súbditi estóte non solum propter iram, sed étiam propter consciéntiam.
The English:
For he [the higher power, a prince] is God’s minister: an avenger to execute wrath upon him that doth evil. Wherefore be subject of necessity, not only for wrath, but also for conscience’ sake.
[This beginning with 'Let all souls be subject to higher powers'.]
The Latin:
Dicis ítaque mihi : Quid adhuc quéritur ? uoluntáti enim eíus quis resístit ? O homo, tu quis es, qui respóndeas Deo ? numquid dicit figméntum ei qui se finxit : Quid me fecísti sic?
The English:
Thou wilt say therefore to me: Why doth he then find fault? for who resisteth his will? O man, who art thou that repliest against God? Shall the thing formed say to him that formed it: Why hast thou made me thus?
The Latin:
Simíliter autem et Spíritus adiuúat infirmitátem nostram : nam quid orémus, sicut opórtet, nescímus : sed ipse Spíritus póstulat pro nobis gemítibus inenarrabílibus.
The English:
Likewise the Spirit also helpeth our infirmity. For we know not what we should pray for as we ought; but the Spirit himself asketh for us with unspeakable groanings.
The Latin:
Quid ergo dicémus ? lex peccátum est ? Absit. Sed peccátum non cognoúi, nisi per legem : nam concupiscéntiam nesciébam, nisi lex díceret : Non concupísces.
The English:
What shall we say, then? Is the law sin? God forbid. But I do not know sin, but by the law; for I had not known concupiscence, if the law did not say: Thou shalt not covet.
[This subject is deep. I suggest bringing it up during a Bible study.]
The Latin:
Quicúmque enim sine lege peccauérunt, sine lege períbunt : et quicúmque in lege peccauérunt, per legem iudicabúntur. Non enim auditóres legis iústi sunt apud Deum, sed factóres legis iustificabúntur.
The English:
For whosoever have sinned without the law, shall perish without the law; and whosoever have sinned in the law, shall be judged by the law. For not the hearers of the law are just before God, but the doers of the law shall be justified.
The Latin:
…sed Deus temperáuit corpus, ei cui déerat, abundantiórem tribuéndo honórem, ut non sit schisma in córpore, sed idípsum pro inúicem sollícita sint membra. Et si quid pátitur unum membrum, compatiúntur ómnia membra : siúe gloriátur unum membrum, congáudent ómnia membra.
The English:
…but God hath tempered the body together, giving to that which wanted the more abundant honour, that there might be no schism in the body; but the members might be mutually careful one for another. And if one member suffer any thing, all the members suffer with it; or if one member glory, all the members rejoice with it.
The Latin:
Quid próderit, fratres mei, si fidem quis dicat se habére, ópera autem non hábeat ? numquid póterit fides saluáre eum ?…Sicut enim corpus sine spíritu mórtuum est, ita et fides sine opéribus mórtua est.
The English:
What shall it profit, my brethren, if a man say he hath faith, but hath not works? Shall faith be able to save him?…For even as the body without the spirit is dead; so also faith without works is dead.
The Latin:
Sit autem omnis homo úelox ad audiéndum : tardus autem ad loquéndum, et tardus ad iram…Estóte autem factóres uérbi, et non auditóres tantum : falléntes uosmetípsos. Quia si quis audítor est uérbi, et non factor, hic comparábitur uíro consideránti uúltum natiuitátis suæ in spéculo
The English (D-R):
And let every man be swift to hear, but slow to speak, and slow to anger…But be ye doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving your own selves. For if a man be a hearer of the word, and not a doer, he shall be compared to a man beholding his own countenance in a glass.
The Latin:
Quóniam ipse Dóminus in iússu, et in úoce archángeli, et in tuba Dei descéndet de cælo : et mórtui, qui in Christo sunt, resúrgent primi. Deínde nos, qui uiúimus, qui relínquimur, simul rapiémur cum illis in núbibus obuíam Christo in áëra, et sic semper cum Dómino érimus.
The English (Douay-Rheims):
For the Lord himself shall come down from heaven with commandment, and with the voice of an archangel, and with the trumpet of God: and the dead who are in Christ, shall rise first. Then we who are alive, who are left, shall be taken up together with them in the clouds to meet Christ, into the air, and so shall we be always with the Lord.
The Latin:
Dóminum autem Christum sanctificáte in córdibus uéstris, paráti semper ad satisfactiónem omni poscénti uos ratiónem de ea, quæ in uóbis est, spe.
The English (Douay-Rheims):
But sanctify the Lord Christ in your hearts, being ready always to satisfy every one that asketh you a reason of that hope which is in you.
[Introducing the Reason for our Hope foundation. The above sentence features in their banner header.]
